V.I. Orlov - Senior Research Scientist, RSI of neurocybernetics by A.B. Kogan named, Southern Federal University (Rostov-on-Don). E-mail: orlov@rostel.ru A.I. Vislobokov - Dr.Sc. (Biol.), Head of the Department of Neural Pharmacology, Senior Research Scientist, Institute of Pharmacology by A.V. Waldman named, PSPbSMU by Academician I.P. Pavlov named (St. Petersburg). E-mail: vislobokov@yandex.ru K.N. Mel-nikov - Ph.D. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory of Neural Pharmacology, Senior Research Scientist, Institute of Pharmacology by A.V. Waldman named, PSPbSMU by Academician I.P. Pavlov named (St. Petersburg). E-mail: knmelnikov@mail.ru A.G. Sukhov - Dr.Sc. (Biol.), Head of the Department, RSI of neurocybernetics by A.B. Kogan named, Southern Federal University (Rostov-on-Don). E-mail: w701@krinc.ru E.A. Marutkina - Undergraduate of specialized master\'s program «Bio and Neuroinformatics» of Biological Academy and Biotechnology, RSI of neurocybernetics by A.B. Kogan named, Southern Federal University (Rostov-on-Don). E-mail: r-dance@mail.ru

The paper describes the microelectrode studies and voltage clamp technique which show that dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and dimethyl-ketone (acetone) in concentrations up to 100 mM in the extracellular application did not change the electrical activity of identified neurons of pedal ganglia of Planorbarius corneus. DMSO in concentrations of 500 and 1000 mm (4 and 8% solution) and acetone in smaller concentrations (from 200 mM - 1,2% and higher) depolarize neurons, and on this background frequency and duration of action potentials were increasing, their amplitude and the total ionic currents (dV/dt) were decreasing. The changes were fully reversible, when laundering it was observed the hyperpolarization of cells, caused, in authors - opinion, probably by activation of electrogenic transport of sodium ions. Also authors suggest that under the action of DMSO and acetone the changes of state of neurons caused not only by changes in resting potential but also by direct effects on ion channels. Under the influence of acetone, the reduction of amplitude of action potentials in neurons is mostly occurs because of depolarization and less - because of its effects on ion channels. The conclusions about the relative safety of acetone and DMSO at a concentration of 100-200 mM using for the dissolution of pharmacological agents. for biological objects were made.

 

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