A.Yu. Alexeev - Ph.D. (Phil.), Associate Professor, Department of Informatization of Culture, Moscow State University of Culture and Arts. E-mail: aa65@list.ru V.G. Kuznetcov - Dr.Sc. ( Phil.), Professor, Head of Chair of Philosophy and Methodology Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University. E-mail: Walery-Kus@yandex.ru Yu.Yu. Petrunin - Dr.Sc. (Phil.), Professor, Strategic Communications Chair, State Management Department, School of Public Administration of the Moscow State University. E-mail: Petrunin@spa.msu.ru A.V. Savelyev - Senior Research Scientist, Head of the Patent agency «©Uniquely honest patenting» www.patenttt.narod.ru (Moscow). E-mail: gmkristo@rambler.ru E.A. Yankovskaya - Ph.D. (Phil.), Assistant Professor, Department of Social Sciences and Technologies, National University of Science and Technology, Moscow. E-mail: altertum@gmail.com

In the article the goals, objectives and problem field of the «Neurophilosophy» heading were defined. The expanded understanding of Neurophilosophy how independent branch of science was formulated, in contrast to the narrow western its understanding as a particular problem. The content of subsections Neurophilosophy were explained, and prove their necessity and function were explained also. With specific examples the high fruitfulness of application of the Neurophilosophy ideas in Neurocomputing and neurobiology was illustrated. Listed the phenomena discovered and patented by us in the 20th century with the help of Neurophilosophy and Neurocomputing in a broad sense, and rediscovered in the 21st century. There are the Volume neurotransmission (1986), Prediction of endocannabinoids (1985), Prediction neurons «Monroe», «grandmother», «Eiffel Tower», etc. (1985), Prediction of anticipatory (1987), Subthreshold signaling in neurons (1984), Solution distal dendritic synapses problems (1982), Complex multi-spike (1981, 1987), The discovery of the wave propagation on dendrion, Wave neuron (1981), Electromechanical neuron (1982), The discovery electro-chemical dependence of myelin sheaths growth in neurons (2007) etc. Also these are not yet rediscovered: Effective neurointerface (1973), Volume neurotransmission control (2001), Decryption of electrical synapses functions (2002), Dendritic multi-connectionism of endocannabinoids receptors (1985), As you can often find of the mirror neurons in the nervous system (1985-1987), Explanation of the paradox Schwindt - Krill (1985), Synchronization of chaos in neural networks (1986), Self-organization of dendritic arborization in ontogenesis (2002), Refutation of the modular structure of the neocortex (2008), Multi-cellular neuron nature (2002), The discovery of the threshold waves and nano-control of cellular acceptor of action result (AAR, 1985-2014), Opening of the asymmetry of the ion currents in the axon (2007), Functional neuroanatomy of the retina and vision (1996-2014) etc. It was concluded how the Neurophilosophical heuristics are close to neurobiological laws.

 

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