Mistrov L.E.1, Belousov R.A.2
1,2 VUNC VVS «VVA im. prof. NOT. Zhukovsky and Yu.A. Gagarin» (Voronezh, Russia)
1 Central Branch of the Russian State Unitary Enterprise (Voronezh, Russia)
A number of man-made emergencies that have occurred in Russia have aggravated the problem of their prompt elimination (reduction to a certain minimum level) and actualized the task of synthesizing rapid response units (FBI) for its implementation. At present, the problem of synthesizing FBIs, representing by the totality of the system-determining factors of the operational control system (SOA), is being solved on the basis of an empirical approach. The basis of their construction is a set of interrelated principles that, in general, do not solve the problem of synthesizing the optimal appearance (the composition of control, information and executive (in the form of specialists and technical means) elements, functions, structure, characteristics and methods of application) of the SOA, which is carried out in practice by trial and error.
To eliminate the shortcomings of the empirical approach in the interests of the development of the theoretical approach to the construction of SOA, a method of structural and functional synthesis of their appearance is proposed. It is based on the solution of two interrelated and interdependent problems of analysis and synthesis. The task of analyzing the SOA is adaptive conditions (they arise locally separately / a set of places (areas)), characteristics and additivity of emergencies on the basis of modeling their elimination by the method of dynamic programming of the distribution of executive elements according to the integral indicator of elimination of emergencies, taking into account the importance of its constituent elements. On the other hand, the method of SOA synthesis, developed on the basis of the theories of the effectiveness of complex systems and optimal resource allocation, provides, according to the criterion of fulfilling the assigned tasks for the elimination of emergencies with maximum (specified) efficiency, the solution of the problems of formation and selection based on the results of solving the problem of analyzing the optimal version of the SOA appearance, taking into account the adapted to the specific conditions of emergency restrictions.
The implementation of the method makes it possible to substantiate a specific (optimal) for the given conditions and characteristics of emergency situations, as well as restrictions, a variant of the SOA in the form of a set of control, information, executive elements and a set of links for management (subordination), information support and execution between them, providing a solution to the problem of liquidation (reduction to a certain minimum level) of emergency situations with a given (maximum) efficiency.
Mistrov L.E., Belousov R.A. Structural and functional synthesis method operational control systems. Information-measuring and Control Systems. 2022. V. 20. № 6. P. 33−41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18127/j20700814-202206-04 (in Russian)
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