E.V. Sinkevich1, V.I. Mordachev2, A.V. Galenko3, I.M. Bykov4, V.G. Bobra5, Y.G. Kharasheuski6

1–3 Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics (Minsk, Republic of Belarus)

4–6 OJSC «AGAT – Control Systems» – Managing Company of «Geoinformation Control Systems Holding»   (Minsk, Republic of Belarus)

A technique for rapid analysis of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of complex on-board radio systems is described; an example of application of the technique is provided. The technique is based on the use of "worst case" and "conditionally worst case" models for characterization of unwanted "Transmitter-to-Receiver" couplings in the on-board system; these models are refined by using electrodynamic modeling, numerical simulation at the circuit level, and experimental data. The elements of the technique are as follows:

a) the technology of discrete linear analysis of EMC in the frequency domain, similar to that developed in the framework of the IEMCAP program, but using a significantly more detailed frequency sampling of the spectra and susceptibility characteristics (105–106 samples and more),

1. the technology of discrete nonlinear analysis of EMC in the time domain by using high-order polynomial models of the front-end nonlinearity of radio receivers (11–15 orders and higher), providing high computational efficiency and accuracy of analysis of nonlinear effects (intermodulation, desensitization, cross-modulation, reciprocal mixing, etc.) at radio reception in a severe electromagnetic environment;
2. a dynamic double-frequency testing method for detecting, recognizing, and measuring the parameters of all linear and nonlinear channels of possible impact of unwanted signals on radio receivers through the antenna input, as well as for measuring the parameters of the receiver front-end nonlinearity;
3. the integrated interference margin (IIM) is used as a system-level criterion describing the damage of a radio receiver by interference; the IIM is calculated for each on-board receiver;
4. a method for step-by-step refinement of worst-case and conditionally worst-case mathematical models describing the unwanted couplings "Transmitter-to-Receiver". At each step, the model refinement is made for potentially dangerous couplings only (i.e. for the couplings the danger of which is proved by calculations at previous step), and then the EMC analysis is repeated with the use of the refined models.

The application of conditionally worst-case models makes it possible to decrease the amount of measurements and computations at least by an order of magnitude (because, when using these models, there is no need to measure and analyze each spurious emission of the transmitter and each spurious response of the receiver at each working frequency of each radio station). This decrease in the laboriousness of EMC analysis is especially important at early steps of the on-board system design, when it is necessary to implement the working prototype in a short time.

The sequence of EMC analysis procedures executed at the stages of design and implementation of a complex on-board radio system is described. The proposed technique of rapid EMC analysis is verified during the development of a specialized communication and control vehicle containing HF, VHF, UHF, and SHF transceivers. The measurement-based refinement of the models of unwanted couplings "Transmitter-to-Receiver" improves the accuracy of EMC analysis of the on-board radio system, which makes it possible to predict the system performance characteristics confirmed by testing its prototypes.

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