N.N. Voit – Ph.D.(Eng.), Associate Professor, Head of Laboratory of Innovative Virtual Design 

and Training Technologies of Department of Scientific Research and Innovation, 

Department «Computer Engineering», Ulyanovsk State Technical University

E-mail: n.voit@ulstu.ru

S.Yu. Kirillov – Post-graduate Student, 

Department «Computer Engineering», Ulyanovsk State Technical University

E-mail: kirillovsyu@gmail.com

D.S. Kanev – Ph.D.(Eng.), Head of Scientific and Technical Department, 

Ulyanovsk State Technical University

E-mail: dima.kanev@gmail.com

A.S. Stepanov – Junior Research Scientist, 

Department «Computer Engineering», Ulyanovsk State Technical University

E-mail: step_al_ul@mail.ru

R.F. Gainullin – Ph.D.(Eng.), Programmer of LLC «Equid», 

Ulyanovsk State Technical University

E-mail: r.gainullin@gmail.com

Methods of analysis of workflows in CAD and ASTPP can be used to study the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of design workflows. Qualitative characteristics are understood as logical and algebraic correctness of workflows formalized using graph theory, workflow networks, matching matrices, graphic modeling languages, including Unified Model Language, Business Process Management Notation, IDEF0 and eEPC, etc., as well as evolutionary approach, propositional logic, etc. Quantitative characteristics represent the effectiveness of the execution of workflows in CAD and ASTPP by parameters, for example, such as average service time, utilization rate of production capacity awns (downtime), etc. Evaluation of the effectiveness of workflows is carried out using simulation modeling (Petri nets), Markov chains and queuing theory (queuing systems), etc.

There is a modern theory of graphic languages for representing diagrammatic models of workflows that contains syntactic models in spatial and logical forms, including attributes of graphic objects (for example, a rectangle or a circle) and communication types. The spatial model has relative or absolute coordinates of graphic objects. The application of a spatial model is complex to control, analyze the structure or topology (syntax) and the attributes of diagrams. Typically, a logical model is used to describe the syntax of diagrammatic models based on graphical grammar. The use of a temporary machine in the design, specification, control and analysis of workflows in the development of complex technical systems in an industrial enterprise is a well-known practice. Temporary and hybrid automata are used to analyze and manage workflows when resolving problems of access to resources, blocking, liveness restrictions (liveness, reversibility, boundedness, reachability, dead transitions, deadlocks, home states). Examples of tasks are controlling the temperature of an atomic reactor, controlling a barrier at the intersection of railways in which temporary context-free grammars have been successfully applied, and also the task of describing the structure of ribonucleic acid (RNA). The presence of a large number of interacting complex automated systems poses the problem of formal control and analysis, which can be accomplished by various methods.

A promising approach for processing diagrammatic workflows is syntactically oriented based on formal grammars. The most famous are web grammar, positional grammar, relational grammar, multi-level graph grammar and preserving graph grammar. Positional grammars are the simplest. Developing on the basis of Plex structures, they inherited their shortcomings. These grammars do not imply the use of join areas. They cannot be used for graphic languages whose graphic objects have a dynamic variable number of inputs/outputs; they cannot be used to control the syntax of graphic languages containing parallelism. The advantage of relational grammars is the ability to handle errors, but they do not have a mechanism to neutralize such errors. Multilevel and preserving graph grammars are able to provide an analysis of graphical languages with a «deep» contextual dependence, which is necessary in languages that allow you to specify the synchronization of actions performed. Examples of such languages are the languages of flowcharts and message flow diagrams (Message Sequence Charts). Common disadvantages of the above grammars are: 1) the increase in the number of products in the construction of grammar for unstructured graphic languages, i.e. with a constant number of graphic language primitives, a significant increase in the number of products occurs, since it is necessary to determine all possible options for unstructured; 2) the complexity of constructing grammar (increasing the complexity of products and their number), and for some formalisms the impossibility of constructing grammar for graph schemes with unstructured parallelism; 3) great time complexity. Analyzers based on the considered grammars offer polynomial or exponential time for analyzing diagrams of graphic languages. The main limitation of the above methods is that they do not work if there are different types of diagrams (temporal, multilevel, etc.) at the same time, which means that in some cases the input diagrams cannot be analyzed.

Thus, the development and study of a method for analyzing workflow instances based on a temporary automatic RVTI grammar is an urgent scientific and technical task.

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