V.I. Budzko1, V.I. Medennikov2

1 National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow, Russia)
1, 2 Federal Research Center «Computer Science and Control» of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow, Russia)
 

The paper considers a mathematical model for optimizing the structure of crop rotations in an agricultural enterprise, as well as the consequences of its implementation within the framework of a single digital platform for managing the economy of the agro-industrial complex. It is shown that scientifically based crop rotations in agriculture determine all technological processes in agriculture. They determine the nature of soil cultivation, crop care, methods of protective measures against soil erosion, the structure and volumes of fertilizers and plant protection products applied, the systems of machinery and equipment used, the rational placement of production units and storage facilities, etc. However, in our country the widespread non-compliance with crop rotation, according to the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia, annually leads to the degradation of 1.5-2 million hectares of land, which increases environmental risks and reduces the profitability of production. The paper presents the main digital technologies currently used in crop production. However, their analysis shows that these developments are only fragmentary improved accounting tasks without a mathematical decision-making block, that is, there is a digitalization of existing economic relations, thereby violating two basic principles of the digital economy: the formation of an information resource management system based on their rational integration into a certain unified structured space and rethinking of production management technologies based on the first principle. In all presented developments, the decision-making process is left to the discretion of production specialists. In particular, in the developments there are no models for optimizing the structure of crop rotations. The paper shows that the implementation of these principles led to the formation of a single digital platform for managing the agro-industrial complex, which organically fits the digital subplatform of a single database of technological accounting and the digital subplatform of a single knowledge base, which includes over two hundred functional management tasks with a single description of algorithms common to all agricultural enterprises in the horticulture industry. On the basis of these subplatforms, a systematic analysis of the factors influencing the formation of the structure of crop rotations, as well as the conditions for their successful practical implementation, under which prospects will open up for agriculture to switch to a single digital agro-industrial complex management platform, in which the problems of forecasting, planning and managing the use of land will be systematically solved. , as well as material, financial, labor and information resources at various levels of the country from the field to the federal center.

Budzko V.I., Medennikov V.I. Mathematical model for optimizing the structure of cropping rotations on the basis of a unified digital platform for agricultural production management. Highly Available Systems. 2022. V. 18. № 4. P. 5−15. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.18127/j20729472-202204-01 (in Russian)

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