S. R. Glasunov - Ph.D. (Hist.), Associate Professor, Vladimir State University named after Alexander and Nikolay Sloletovs

In article the establishment of the system of labour protection of juvenile factory workers in Russia in the late XIX century is considered. The sharp rise in industrial production in the post-reform period marked the accession of Russia to the path of industrialization. The development of capitalist industry was accompanied by sharp and protracted crises of overproduction, which increased the need and deprivation of numerous working. The first factory-made laws appeared in Russia in the 1880-s. They were related to the regulation of use of juvenile labour in the factory industry. Simultaneously with the law of June 1, 1882, a system of labour protection of juvenile in the face of the factory inspection was created. Factory inspectors observed execution of factory legislation. Violators of the main provisions of the law were subject to arrest up to one month or a fine of 100 rubles. The first period of activity of factory inspectors was evaluation. Juvenile labour was widespread in the factories of Russia. The company employs children under the age of 12 years. Medical assistance was fictitious at many factories, there were not enough schools. The inspectors began to attract the perpetrators of the offences only during repeated visits, but and in this case the punitive measures were extremely rare. During the whole 1885 in 58 provinces of European Russia only 23 protocols for violation of the factory legislation were drawn up. Founded at the end of XIX century the system of labour protection in industrial factories served the interests of juvenile and was aimed at eliminating the negative consequences of industrialization in relationship between the workers and the entrepreneurs.

 

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