V.I. Djigan1, A.Yu. Shershunovich2, P.V. Luferchik3, P.V. Shtro4

1 National Research University «Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology» (Moscow, Russia)
2–4 JSC «SPE «Radiosvyaz» (Krasnoyarsk, Russia)

1 djigan@org.miet.ru, 2 shershunovich_au@krtz.su, 3 lpv@krtz.su, 4 shtro_pv@krtz.su

Adaptive antenna arrays (AAA) are widely used today as the antennas in the ground-based equipment of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). They ensure the operability of this equipment in a jamming environment. The so-called side lobe canceller is usually used as an AAA. Such an AAA provides the interference suppression in the output signal, but does not guarantee the reception of the satellite signals from any predetermined direction, since its radiation pattern is controlled only towards the interference sources. The criterion for receiving a satellite signal is the required signal-to-(noise + suppressed interference) ratio (SNIR) at the AAA output. The paper proposes a simple technique for estimating the probability of receiving GNSS signals from all directions surrounding the AAA. This technique is based on estimating the SNIR at the AAA output in its steady state. The SNIR is estimated with a uniform discrete step over the entire set of angles of the possible positions of the information signal source (satellite) around the AAA. Based on these estimates, a SNIR map has been created, indicating the areas in the directions of which the satellite signal reception is possible or not. This reception is possible in the directions where, according to international standards, the SNIR value at the AAA output is no worse than -20 dB.

The purpose of the work is to describe the methodology for constructing the SNIR maps and to demonstrate these maps using examples of the flat rectangular and the circular AAAs.

SNIR maps for the rectangular and the circular AARs with eight antennas after the suppressing interferences (from one to seven) show that the number of directions from which GNSS signals can be received varies from about 22% to 38% of all directions forming a sphere around the AAA. If the AAA is on the Earth, the number of these directions is doubled, since the directions, where the SNIR of at least -20 dB are provided, are located only in the upper hemisphere of space. These estimates have been obtained using a recursive least squares algorithm for calculating the AAA weights.

The SNIR maps allow to estimate whether or not the satellite signals can be received after the AAA adaptation in the interference environment of interest, when the angular positions of the satellites are known, or they allow to estimate the probability of such the reception, which allows one to avoid time-consuming numerical simulation of various satellite location scenarios.

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