Nikolay V. Povarenkin, Andrey A. Monakov, Alexander K. Ermakov

 Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation (SUAI) (St. Petersburg, Russia)

 povarenkin.nv@guap.ru,  a_monakov@mail.ru,  ermakov.alexandr.k@gmail.com

The radar simulator described in the article is capable of generating signals reflected from any type of underlying surface when solving problems of measuring angular coordinates during radar observation of low-altitude objects. The construction of such a simulator was carried out on the basis of a theoretical analysis of signal scattering from rough surfaces. The analysis made it possible to determine the basic properties of signals reflected directly from the observed object and signals emitted by shiny points by the underlying surface, above which the low-flying object is located. The behavior of all the described signals made it possible to develop the requirements that the radar simulator must satisfy when forming at least two re-reflected signals simulating the underlying surface and one describing the behavior of the observed object. The structurally described simulator is built using high-tech standard instrumentation that can generate arbitrary radar signals. A feature of the formation of radar signals is their well-known initial phase, which can be controlled and simulated by the conditions of movement of air objects with any dynamics and flight path. The use of standard measuring instruments in the construction of a simulator is primarily due to the fact that the required number of them is always present in any radio engineering laboratory. This immediately solves the problem associated with the formation of a special radio signal, which has its own characteristics in each individual case. The latter allows you not to spend money on the development of additional libraries of radio engineering signals. The ability to load a mathematical model of the underlying surface, written in the MatLab software package, into the standard measurement tools used, provides an imitation of a rough surface determined by the peculiarity of the problem being solved. Electronic control of almost all parameters of the generated signals, including the initial phase, together with a mechanical change in the base of signal sources, makes it possible to control the direction of propagation of the resulting electromagnetic wave. The mutual coherence of all signals reflected from the simulated radar object creates conditions under which all signals participating in the simulation repeat with the maximum degree of accuracy the signals existing in the real environment. All signals used in the simulator are generated at the operating frequencies of the radio engineering system with which the described simulator works. This is an indisputable advantage of the proposed device, since it greatly simplifies the solution of the problem associated with proving the reliability of the signals used. The latter is very important when using the proposed simulator at the stage of acceptance work.

Povarenkin N.V., Monakov А.А., Ermakov А.К. Subsurface signal simulator. Achievements of modern radioelectronics. 2020. V. 74. № 11. P. 59–62. DOI: 10.18127/j20700784-202011-10. [in Russian]

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