A.V. Kraychko – – Dr.Sc. (Eng.), Professor,
Department of Radio Engineering and Optoelectronic Complexes,
Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
E-mail: kaf21@guap.ru
M.B. Ryzhikov – Ph.D. (Eng.), Associate Professor,
Department of Radio Engineering and Optoelectronic Complexes,
Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation
E-mail: maxrmb@yandex.ru
The backscattering diagram when placing on-board antennas in the wings due to the small size of the vertical has a significant width. Scattering on a microstrip patch antenna array with an electrically thin substrate and low losses and at angles close to normal outside a narrow operating frequency band is identical to scattering on its metal equivalent (a plate whose surface is geometrically equal to the antenna area). The conditions for long range radar detection demonstrating the need to reduce backscattering in a small range of angles in the vertical plane are determined. The formulas allowing calculating the backscattering diagram for the antenna located under the slope to the vertical plane as a function of the angle of inclination are given. The results of numerical calculations are given, which show a significant decrease of radar cross section of antenna in the wing at sufficiently small angles of inclination in the range of 4…6 degrees.
A technical implementation of the design of a microstrip antenna inclined relative to the vertical without reducing the gain due to the use of patches with asymmetric radiation pattern is proposed. A microstrip patch antenna with an asymmetric radiation diagram is proposed. It allows to save the gain of the antenna array when it is installed at an angle. The results of simulation of comparison of radiation characteristics of the proposed antenna and the traditional rectangular antenna are given. The relations on which the calculated values of the radiation characteristics of the rectangular antenna are obtained are presented. They show that the application of the proposed antenna gives a reduction in the antenna gain of not more than 1 dB.
The estimation of decreasing values (maximum and average in the range of angles of radar detection from a long distance) for the backscattering diagram is given. The proposed technical solution allows without loss of radiation efficiency in the case of using radiators with asymmetric diagram to set the plane of the antenna array with an inclination of 4,6°. This causes the maximum values of the backscattering diagram to fall to minus 13 dB, and the average values (in the range of angles in the vertical plane from minus 2° to 2°) to minus 15 dB.
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