V.Ya. Noskov – Dr.Sc. (Eng.), Professor, Ural Federal University

E-mail: noskov@oko-ek.ru

S.M. Smolskiy – Dr.Sc. (Eng.), Professor, National Research University «MPEI»; Deputy Director of the Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Moscow Power Engineering Institute

E-mail: smolskiysm@mail.ru

K.A. Ignatkov – Ph.D. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Ural Federal University

E-mail: k.a.ignatkov@gmail.com

D.Ya. Mishin – Post-graduate Student, Ural Federal University

E-mail: zigievil@gmail.com

A.P. Chupahin – Post-graduate Student, Ural Federal University

E-mail: ccaapp1992@gmail.com

G.P. Ermak – Ph.D. (Phys.-Math.), Senior Research Scientist, Institute of Radio Physics and Electronics named A.J. Usikova (Kharkiv) E-mail: ermak@ire.kharkov.ua

N.M. Zakarlyuk – Ph.D. (Phys.-Math.), Associate Professor, Department of «General Professional Disciplines», Branch of the Ural State University of Railway Transport (Nizhny Tagil)

E-mail: znm53@mail.ru

General relationships for analysis of signal and fluctuation parameters and characteristics of autodyne oscillators, which are under impact of the proper reflected from the radar object, are obtained. Results of analysis of autodyne parameters and characteristics dependences on the oscillator operation mode and on the value of «softness» index of impedance characteristics of the active elements are discussed. Experimental investigation results are given for the hybrid-integrated module «Tigel-08М» made on the basis of the two-meza Gunn diode.

1. Votoropin S.D., Noskov V.Ja., Smol'skij S.M. Sovremennye gibridno-integral'nye avtodinnye generatory mikrovolnovogo i millimetrovogo diapazonov i ih primenenie. Ch. 1. Konstruktorsko-tehnologicheskie dostizhenija // Uspehi sovremennoj radiojelektroniki. 2006. № 12. S.3–30. 
2. Votoropin S.D., Noskov V.Ja., Smol'skij S.M. Sovremennye gibridno-integral'nye avtodinnye generatory mikrovolnovogo i millimetrovogo diapazonov i ih primenenie. Ch. 2. Teoreticheskie i jeksperimental'nye issledovanija // Uspehi sovremennoj radiojelektroniki. 2007. № 7. S. 3–33.
3. Votoropin S.D., Noskov V.Ja., Smol'skij S.M. Sovremennye gibridno-integral'nye avtodinnye generatory mikrovolnovogo i millimetrovogo diapazonov i ih primenenie. Ch. 3. Funkcional'nye osobennosti avtodinov // Uspehi sovremennoj radiojelektroniki. 2007. № 11. S. 25–49.
4. Votoropin S.D., Noskov V.Ja., Smol'skij S.M. Sovremennye gibridno-integral'nye avtodinnye generatory mikrovolnovogo i millimetrovogo diapazonov i ih primenenie. Ch. 4. Issledovanija mnogochastotnyh avtodinov // Uspehi sovremennoj radiojelektroniki. 2008. № 5. S. 65–88. 
5. Votoropin S.D., Noskov V.Ja., Smol'skij S.M. Sovremennye gibridno-integral'nye avtodinnye generatory mikrovolnovogo i millimetrovogo diapazonov i ih primenenie. Ch. 5. Issledovanija avtodinov s chastotnoj moduljaciej // Uspehi sovremennoj radiojelektroniki. 2009. № 3. S. 3–50. 
6. Noskov V.Ja., Smol'skij S.M. Sovremennye gibridno-integral'nye avtodinnye generatory mikrovolnovogo i millimetrovogo diapazonov i ih primenenie. Ch. 6. Issledovanija radioimpul'snyh avtodinov // Uspehi sovremennoj radiojelektroniki. 2009. № 6. S. 3–51. 
7. Noskov V.Ja., Ignatkov K.A., Smol'skij S.M. Sovremennye gibridno-integral'nye avtodinnye generatory mikrovolnovogo i millimetrovogo diapazonov i ih primenenie. Ch. 7. Dinamika formirovanija avtodinnyh i moduljacionnyh harakteristik // Uspehi sovremennoj radiojelektroniki. 2013. № 6. S. 3–52.
8. Noskov V.Ja., Ignatkov K.A., Smol'skij S.M. Sovremennye gibridno-integral'nye avtodinnye generatory mikrovolnovogo i millimetrovogo diapazonov i ih primenenie. Ch. 8. Avtodiny so stabilizaciej chastoty vneshnim vysokodobrotnym rezonatorom // Uspehi sovremennoj radiojelektroniki. 2013. № 12. S. 3–42.
9. Noskov V.Ja., Varavin A.V., Vasil'ev A.C., Ermak G.P., Zakarljuk N.M., Ignatkov K.A., Smol'skij S.M. Sovremennye gibridno-integral'nye avtodinnye generatory mikrovolnovogo i millimetrovogo diapazonov i ih primenenie. Ch. 9. Radiolokacionnoe primenenie avtodinov // Uspehi sovremennoj radiojelektroniki. 2016. № 3. S. 32–86.
10. Malykin G.B., Noskov V.Ja., Smol'skij S.M. U istokov avtodinnoj tematiki v SSSR // Radiotehnika. 2012. № 6. S. 20–24.
11. Noskov V.Ja., Smol'skij S.M. Sto let avtodinu: istoricheskij ocherk osnovnyh jetapov i napravlenij razvitija avtodinnyh sistem // Radiotehnika. 2013. № 8. S. 91–101.
12. Komarov I.V., Smolskiy S.M. Fundamentals of Short–Range FM Radar. Artech House, Norwood, MA. USA 2003.
13. Komarov I.V., Smol'skij S.M. Osnovy teorii radiolokacionnyh sistem s nepreryvnym izlucheniem chastotno-modulirovannyh kolebanij. M.: Gorjachaja linija. Telekom. 2010.
14. Zakarljuk N.M., Noskov V.Ja., Smol'skij S.M. Avtodinnye datchiki dlja zheleznodorozhnyh pereezdov // 20-ja Mezhdunarodnaja Krymskaja konferencija «SVCh-tehnika i telekommunikacionnye tehnologii» (KryMiKo’2010). Sevastopol': Veber. 2010. T. 2.1072–1076.
15. Usanov D.A., Skripal' Al.V., Skripal' An.V. Fizika poluprovodnikovyh radiochastotnyh i opticheskih avtodinov. Saratov: Izd-vo SGU. 2003.
16. Zakarljuk N.M., Noskov V.Ja., Smol'skij S.M. Bortovye avtodinnye datchiki skorosti dlja ajeroballisticheskih ispytanij // 20-ja Mezhdunarodnaja Krymskaja konferencija «SVCh-tehnika i telekommunikacionnye tehnologii» (KryMiKo’2010). Sevastopol': Veber. 2010. T. 2. S. 1065–1068. 
17. Alidoost S.A., Sadeghzade R., Fatemi R. Autodyne System with a Single Antenna // 11th International Radar Symposium (IRS-2010). Vilnius, Lithuania. 2010. V. 2. P. 406–409.
18. Usanov D.A., Skripal' Al.V., Skripal' An.V., Postel'ga A.Je. Sverhvysokochastotnyj avtodinnyj izmeritel' parametrov vibracij // Pribory i tehnika jeksperimenta. 2004. № 5. S. 130–134.
19. Usanov D.A., Postel'ga A.Je. Vosstanovlenie slozhnogo dvizhenija uchastka tela cheloveka po signalu radiovolnovogo avtodina // Medicinskaja tehnika. 2011. T. 45. № 1. S. 8–10.
20. Lushev V.P., Votoropin S.D., Derjabin Ju.N., Zhurinov Ju.B., Potapov M.G. Avtodinnye SVCh datchiki peremeshhenija dlja izmerenija skorosti gorenija vysokojenergeticheskih kompozicionnyh materialov // 15-ja Mezhdunarodnaja Krymskaja konferencija «SVCh-tehnika i telekommunikacionnye tehnologii» (KryMiKo’2010). Sevastopol': Veber. 2005. S. 831–833.
21. Boloznev V.V., Mirsaitov F.N., Noskov V.Ja. Signal'nye i shumovye harakteristiki avtodinov v reshenii zadach vibrodiagnostiki gazoturbinnyh dvigatelej // 24-ja Mezhdunarodnaja Krymskaja konferencija «SVCh-tehnika i telekommunikacionnye tehnologii» (KryMiKo’2014). Sevastopol': Veber. 2014. T. 2. S. 1019–1022.
22. Noskov V.Ja. Dvuhdiodnyj avtodinnyj priemoperedatchik // Pribory i tehnika jeksperimenta. 2015. № 4. S. 65–70.
23. Noskov V.Ja., Ignatkov K.A., Chupahin A.P. Dvuhdiodnyj avtodin v sistemah radiovolnovogo kontrolja dinamicheskih processov // Datchiki i sistemy. 2016. № 6 (204). S. 31–37.
24. Noskov V.Ja., Ignatkov K.A., Chupahin A.P. Primenenie dvuhdiodnyh avtodinov v ustrojstvah radiovolnovogo kontrolja razmerov izdelij // Izmeritel'naja tehnika. 2016. № 7. S. 24–28.
25. Ignatkov K.A., Chupahin A.P. Parametry stacionarnogo rezhima avtodinnogo generatora // 25-ja Mezhdunarodnaja Krymskaja konferencija «SVCh-tehnika i telekommunikacionnye tehnologii» (KryMiKo’2015). Sevastopol': Veber. 2015. T. 2. S. 975–976. 
26. Ignatkov K.A., Chupahin A.P. Vlijanie rezhima raboty generatora na kojefficienty peredachi avtodinnogo otklika // 25-ja Mezhdunarodnaja Krymskaja  konferencija «SVCh-tehnika i telekommunikacionnye tehnologii» (KryMiKo’2015). Sevastopol': Veber, 2015. T. 2. S. 995–996. 
27. Ignatkov K.A., Mishin D.Ja. Parametry bystrodejstvija avtodinnyh preobrazovatelej chastoty millimetrovogo diapazona dlin voln // 26-ja Mezhdunarodnaja Krymskaja konferencija «SVCh-tehnika i telekommunikacionnye tehnologii» (KryMi-Ko’2016). Moskva; Minsk; Sevastopol'. 2016. T. 10. S. 2194–2200. 
28. Noskov V.Ja. Ignatkov K.A., Smol'skij S.M., Chupahin A.P. Zavisimost' avtodinnyh harakteristik ot rezhima raboty generatora // 25-ja Mezhdunarodnaja Krymskaja konferencija «SVCh-tehnika i telekommunikacionnye tehnologii» (KryMi-Ko’2015). Sevastopol': Veber. 2015. T. 2. S. 992–994.
29. Noskov V.Ya., Ignatkov K.A., Chupahin A.P., Ermak G.P., Vasiliev A.S. Calculation of Autodyne Radar Noise Parameters // 9-th International Kharkov Symposium on Physics and Engineering of Microwaves, Millimeter and Submillimeter Waves (MSMW'16). Kharkov, Ukraine. 2016. E-26. P. 1–4.
30. Noskov V.Ya., Mishin D.Ya., Vasiliev A.S., Ermak G.P. Dependence of Processing Speed on the Autodyne Operation Mode // 9-th International Kharkov Symposium on Physics and Engineering of Microwaves, Millimeter, and Submillimeter Waves (MSMW'16). Kharkov, Ukraine. 2016. E-27. P. 1–4.
31. Noskov V.Ya., Ignatkov K.A., Chupahin A.P., Ermak G.P., Fateev A.V., Varavin A.V. The Experimental Studies of the 8-mm Gunn Diode Autodynes // 9-th International Kharkov Symposium on Physics and Engineering of Microwaves, Millimeter and Submillimeter Waves (MSMW'16). Kharkov, Ukraine. 2016.  E-8. P. 1–2.
32. Noskov V.Ja. S.M., Chupahin A.P. Vlijanie vida impedansnoj harakteristiki aktivnogo jelementa avtodina na ego peredatochnye funkcii // 26-ja Mezhdunarodnaja Krymskaja konferencija «SVCh-tehnika i telekommunikacionnye tehnologii» (KryMiKo’2016). Moskva; Minsk; Sevastopol'. 2016. T. 10. S. 2180–2186.
33. Noskov V.Ya., Vasiliev A.S., Ermak G.P., Ignatkov K.A., Chupahin A.P. Parameters’ Calculation of Autodyne Sensors Taking into Account the Noise of the Power Source // Telecommunication and Radio Engineering. 2016. V. 75. № 5. P. 441–454.
34. Noskov V.Ya., Ignatkov K.A., Chupahin A.P. Features of Autodynes Taking into Consideration the Noise of a Power Supply // 13-th International scientifictechnical conference on actual problems of electronic instrument engineering APEIE-2016. Novosibirsk. 2016. V. 1. Part 1. P. 492–496.
35. Noskov V.Ja. Chupahin A.P. Vlijanie vida nelinejnosti aktivnogo jelementa avtodina na ego shumovye parametry // 26-ja Mezhdunarodnaja Krymskaja konferencija «SVCh-tehnika i telekommunikacionnye tehnologii» (KryMiKo’2016). Moskva; Minsk; Sevastopol'. 2016. T. 10. S. 2187–2193.
36. Noskov V.Ja., Ignatkov K.A., Chupahin A.P. Raschet radiolokacionnyh parametrov avtodina s uchetom shumov istochnika pitanija // Radiovysotometrija2016: Sb. trudov V VNTK. Ekaterinburg: Fort Dialog-Iset'. 2016. S. 249–254.
37. Noskov V.Ja., Ivanov V.Je., Gusev A.V., Kudinov S.I., Mishin D.Ja. Dinamika avtodinnogo priemootvetchika v rezhime bienij pri radiolokacionnom zondirovanii atmosfery // Radiovysotometrija-2016: Sb. trudov V VNTK. Ekaterinburg: Fort Dialog-Iset', 2016. S. 259–264.
38. Noskov V.Ja., Ivanov V.Je., Gusev A.V., Kudinov S.I. Raschet chuvstvitel'nosti avtodinnogo priemootvetchika ajerologicheskoj RLS v rezhime priema zaprosnyh signalov // Radiovysotometrija-2016: Sb. trudov V VNTK. Ekaterinburg: Fort Dialog-Iset'. 2016. S. 270–275. 
39. Noskov V.Ya., Ignatkov K.A., Mishin D.Ya., Smolskiy S.M., Chupahin A.P. Signal and Noise Parameters of Autodynes with the Soft Impedance Characteristic of the Active Element (review) // Infocommunications and Radio Technologies. 2016. V. 1. № 1. P. 29–47.
40. Noskov V.Ya., Vasiliev A.S., Ermak G.P., Ignatkov K.A. Mishin D.Ya., Smolskiy S.M., Chupahin A.P. Output, Signal and Noise Parameters of Autodynes with a Rigid Conductance Characteristic of an Active Element // Telecommunication and Radio Engineering. 2016, V. 75. № 20. P. 1857–1873.
41. Ermak G.P., Vasiliev A.S., Noskov V.Ya., Ignatkov K.A., Chupahin A.P., Smolskiy S.M. Influence of the Autodyne Oscillator Coupling Degree with an  Antenna Upon its Transfer and Noise Characteristics. XI International Conference on Antenna Theory and Techniques (ICATT). Kyiv, Ukraine. 2017. P. 348–353.
42. Noskov V.Ya., Ivanov V.E., Ignatkov K.A., Kudinov S.I., Chupahin A.P., Smolskiy S.M. Influence of Coupling Between an Oscillator and an Antenna on Autodyne Transponder Features in the Frequency Locking Mode. The International Scientific Conference «Radiation and Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves, RSEMW-2017». Gelendzhik, Russia. AHFD-3-8. P. 1–4.
43. Noskov V.Ja., Smol'skij S.M. Registracija avtodinnogo signala v cepi pitanija generatorov na poluprovodnikovyh diodah SVCh. (Obzor) // Tehnika i pribory SVCh. 2009. № 1. S. 14–26.
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47. Noskov V.Ya., Ignatkov K.A., Smolskiy S.M. Determination of Autodyne Oscillator Parameters by the Beating Metod // Telecommunication Sciences. 2012. V. 3. № 1. P. 35–45.
48. Noskov V.Ya., Ignatkov K.A. Dynamic Autodyne and Modulation Characteristics of Microwave Oscillators // Telecommunication and Radio Engineering. 2013. V. 72. № 10. P. 919–934.
49. Noskov V.Ja., Ignatkov K.A. Osobennosti shumovyh harakteristik avtodinov pri sil'noj vneshnej obratnoj svjazi // Izvestija vuzov. Fizika. 2013. T. 56. №  S. 112–124.
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51. Noskov V.Ya., Ignatkov K.A. Autodyne signals in case of random delay time of the reflected radiation // Telecommunication and Radio Engineering. 2013. V. 72. № 16. P. 1521–1536.
52. Noskov V.Ja., Ignatkov K.A. Dinamicheskie osobennosti avtodinnyh signalov // Izvestija vuzov. Fizika. 2013. T. 56. № 4. S. 564.
53. Noskov V.Ya., Ermak G.P. Signal and Fluctuation Characteristics of Autodyne Vibration and Displacement Meters // Telecommunication and Radio Engineering. 2014. V. 73. № 19. P. 1727–1743.
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61. Noskov V.Ja., Ignatkov K.A. Shumovye harakteristiki avtodinov so stabilizaciej chastoty vneshnim vysokodobrotnym rezonatorom // Radiotehnika i jelektronika. 2016. T. 61. № 9. S. 905–918.
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