Magnetism and surface currents superconducting ball

I.N. Aliev – Dr. Sc. (Phys.-Math.), Professor, National Research Nuclear University «MEPhI» (Moscow) E-mail: alievprof@yandex.ru D.G. Melikyants – Bachelor, Bauman Moscow State Technical University E-mail: Lion_paint@mail.ru

As is well known at the present time, a coherent theory of the phenomenon of superconductivity should be quantum, but the pheno-menological electrodynamics of superconductors can be built on the basis of classical concepts, and, despite major successes in the explanation of the phenomenon of superconductivity, the elementary classical theory requires substantial refinements and improvements. With that said, it is important to re-examine the basic laws of electrodynamics, for example, the current distribution on the surface of the superconducting ball, and the magnitude of the magnetic induction. To do this, outside of the ball field is calculated in the standard way with the help of Maxwell\'s equations. The main physical conclusion the obtained result is the following: in a superconductor placed in an external magnetic field there are superficial currents distributed in a thin layer of finite thickness, which was previously interpreted as the depth of penetration of the magnetic field with the corresponding volume currents. In the previous work of the authors it was shown that the constant current in the conductor of any type are pushed to the surface along with the magnetic field, which leads to the so-called surface current. This current is considered as voluminous, but flowing in a thin layer of finite thickness. And, as this thickness depends on the material and nature of the conductor, we can assume that it is about the typical depth of magnetic field penetration in the superconductor according to the theory of London.